Production test of a finished electronic product often involves two techniques: in-circuit test (ICT) and functional component test (FCT). The ICT technique examines a non-powered circuit board to ...

All engineers know resistance is usually bad news. It generates heat. It reduces efficiency. It wears out components and cuts operational lifetimes. However, resistance is not the only kind of ...

Why are test points a crucial element in developing a successful circuit? Types of test points available, and the different techniques that employ them. Electronic design has always been an endeavor ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Electronics don’t like it hot. That’s why electronic systems designers are looking for ways to keep their components ...

What is Non-Destructive Testing? Nondestructive testing is a means of evaluating a material or component’s superficial or interior defects or mechanical conditions without compromising the component ...

We have all had difficulty testing diodes in-circuit. Most DMM’s have a diode Vf function that measures forward drop, but what is the normal voltage drop? Analog VOM’s attempt to measure resistance of ...

Manufacturers have a great deal of flexibility when deciding where and how to program their devices. Components can be programmed at many stages during the procurement and manufacturing process. This ...

When first learning about and building electronic circuits, the first things all of us come across are passive components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors. These have easily-understandable ...